PHARMACOLOGY - 2

1. Pharmacology of Drugs acting on Blood and blood forming agents

 a) Anticoagulants
 b) Thrombolytics and antiplatelet agents
 c) Haemopoietics and plasma expanders

2. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Renal System
 a) Diuretics
 b) Antidiuretics

 3. Chemotherapy

a) Introduction

b) Sulfonamides and co-trimoxazole

c) Penicillins and Cephalosporins

d) Tetracyclins and Chloramphenicol

e) Macrolides, Aminoglycosides, Polyene & Polypeptide antibiotics

f) Quinolines and Fluroquinolines

g) Antifungal antibiotics

h) Antiviral agents

i) Chemotherapy of tuberculosis and leprosy

j) Chemotherapy of Malaria

k) Chemotherapy of protozoal infections (amoebiasis, Giardiasis)

l) Pharmacology of Anthelmintic drugs

m) Chemotherapy of cancer (Neoplasms) 

4. Immunopharmacology

    Pharmacology of immunosuppressants and stimulants

5. Principles of Animal toxicology: Acute, sub acute and chronic toxicity

6. The dynamic cell: The structures and functions of the components of the cell 

  a) Cell and macromolecules: Cellular classification, subcellular organelles, macromolecules, large macromolecular assemblies 

  b) Chromosome structure: Pro and eukaryotic chromosome structures, chromatin structure, genome complexity, the flow of genetic information. 

  c) DNA replication: General, bacterial and eukaryotic DNA replication. 

  d) The cell cycle: Restriction point, cell cycle regulators and modifiers. 

  e) Cell signaling: Communication between cells and their environment, ion-channels,                signal transduction pathways (MAP kinase, P38 kinase, JNK, Ras and PI3-kinase                 pathways, biosensors. 

The Gene: Genome structure and function: 

  a) Gene structure: Organization and elucidation of genetic code. 

  b) Gene expression: Expression systems (pro and eukaryotic), genetic elements that control gene expression (nucleosomes, histones, acetylation, HDACS, DNA binding protein families. 

  c) Transcription and Transcription factors: Basic principles of transcription in pro and eukaryotes. Transcription factors that regulate transcription in pro and eukaryotes. 

  RNA processing: rRNA, tRNA and mRNA processing. 

  Protein synthesis: Mechanisms of protein synthesis, initiation in eukaryotes, translation control and post-translation events Altered gene functions: Mutations, deletions, amplifications, LOH, traslocations, trinucleotide repeats and other genetic abnormalities. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. 

 The gene sequencing, mapping and cloning of human disease genes. Introduction to gene therapy and targeting. 

 Recombinant DNA technology: principles. Processes (gene transfer technology) and applications